Nitroglycerin (topical)
Synonyms
Approved Treatment Indication:
Diffuse Esophageal Spasm, Pulmonary Hypertension, Angina Pectoris, Fissure in Ano, Heart Failure, Myocardial Infarction, Eclampsia, Intraoperative Complications
Summary
What conditions nitroglycerin is used for
Nitroglycerin is used to treat angina, which is chest pain from reduced blood flow to the heart. It helps relieve this pain by relaxing blood vessels and improving blood flow. Nitroglycerin is often used with other heart medications to manage angina symptoms effectively.
How nitroglycerin works in the body
Nitroglycerin works by relaxing blood vessels, which improves blood flow and reduces the heart's workload. This action helps relieve chest pain, which is called angina, by allowing more oxygen-rich blood to reach the heart muscle. Nitroglycerin is effective for quickly managing angina symptoms and improving heart health.
Directions for Use
The usual dose of nitroglycerin for adults is one tablet under the tongue at the onset of chest pain. You can repeat this every 5 minutes, up to 3 times, if needed. If pain persists, seek medical help. The maximum dose is 3 tablets in 15 minutes. Always follow your doctor's specific dosing instructions.
The most commonly observed adverse effects of nitroglycerin
Common side effects of nitroglycerin include headaches and dizziness, affecting more than 10% of users. These are usually mild and may improve over time. If you experience new symptoms after starting nitroglycerin, they might be temporary or unrelated to the medication. Talk with your doctor before stopping any medication.
Warnings and Precautions
Nitroglycerin can cause a sudden drop in blood pressure, leading to dizziness or fainting. Avoid standing up quickly. Do not use nitroglycerin with medications for erectile dysfunction, as this can cause severe blood pressure drops. If you experience severe side effects like chest pain that doesn't improve, seek emergency help.
Drug Status
Government Approvals
WHO Essential Medicine
Known Teratogen
Pharmaceutical Class
