Dexamethasone (ophthalmic)
Synonyms
Approved Treatment Indication:
Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Ulcerative Colitis, Septic Shock, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura, Perennial Allergic Rhinitis, Ankylosing Spondylitis, Collagen Diseases, Nausea, Hypercalcemia, Leukemia, Vomiting, Brain Edema, Pemphigus, Thyroiditis, Mycosis Fungoides, Addison Disease, Bursitis, Iritis, Dermatitis Herpetiformis, Keratitis, Rheumatic Diseases, Sarcoidosis
Summary
What conditions dexamethasone is used for
Dexamethasone is used to treat inflammation-related conditions like arthritis, asthma, and allergies. It also helps manage certain skin conditions and is used in cancer treatment to reduce inflammation and manage chemotherapy side effects.
How dexamethasone works in the body
Dexamethasone works by mimicking cortisol, which is a hormone from the adrenal glands. It reduces inflammation by suppressing the immune system's response, helping to decrease symptoms like swelling and pain.
Directions for Use
Dexamethasone is usually taken orally in tablet form, with doses ranging from 0.5 mg to 9 mg per day, depending on the condition. It can be taken once or twice daily, with or without food.
The most commonly observed adverse effects of dexamethasone
Common side effects of dexamethasone include increased appetite, weight gain, and mood changes. These effects vary in frequency and severity among individuals.
Warnings and Precautions
Dexamethasone can suppress the immune system, increasing infection risk. Long-term use may lead to osteoporosis, which is a condition where bones become weak. It's contraindicated in systemic fungal infections, which affect the entire body.
Drug Status
Government Approvals
WHO Essential Medicine
Known Teratogen
Pharmaceutical Class
