Clonidine (topical)
Synonyms
Approved Treatment Indication:
Hypertension, Intractable Pain, Glaucoma, Dysmenorrhea, Sialorrhea, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Diarrhea, Nervous System Alcohol-Induced Disorders, Tourette Syndrome, Muscle Spasticity, Hot Flashes, Substance Withdrawal Syndrome
Summary
What conditions clonidine is used for
Clonidine is used to treat high blood pressure, which is hypertension. It helps lower blood pressure by relaxing blood vessels. Clonidine is also used for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and certain pain conditions. It can be used alone or with other therapies, depending on your specific health needs.
How clonidine works in the body
Clonidine works by stimulating alpha-2 adrenergic receptors in the brain, which reduces nerve signals that tighten blood vessels. This action relaxes blood vessels, allowing blood to flow more easily, and lowers blood pressure. Think of it like turning down the volume on a loudspeaker, reducing the intensity of the signal.
Directions for Use
The usual starting dose of clonidine for adults is 0.1 mg taken twice daily, in the morning and at bedtime. Your doctor may adjust the dose based on your response and needs. The maximum recommended dose is typically 2.4 mg per day. For children or the elderly, dose adjustments may be necessary.
The most commonly observed adverse effects of clonidine
Common side effects of clonidine include dry mouth, drowsiness, and dizziness. These effects are usually mild and may decrease over time. If you experience new symptoms after starting clonidine, they might be temporary or unrelated to the medication. Talk with your doctor before stopping any medication.
Warnings and Precautions
Clonidine can cause low blood pressure, which may lead to dizziness or fainting. Abruptly stopping clonidine can cause a rapid increase in blood pressure, which is dangerous. Always follow your doctor's instructions when stopping the medication. If you experience symptoms like chest pain or severe headache, seek medical help immediately.
Drug Status
Government Approvals
WHO Essential Medicine
Known Teratogen
Pharmaceutical Class
